Morbidity and mortality in Holstein calves from birth to 145 days of age on a large dairy farm in Brazil / Morbidade e mortalidade em bezerras da raça Holandesa do nascimento aos 145 dias de vida, em uma grande fazenda produtora de leite no Brasil

The present study aimed to investigate the morbidity and mortality associated with the most common diseases during the rearing period of Holstein calves in a high-production dairy farm. The calves (n = 600) were allocated to three groups based on age: G1 (1-7 days, n = 216), G2 (30-40 days, n = 188), and G3 (69-85 days, n = 196). They were evaluated over 60 days at eight different times. The morbidity rates were 47.67% (286/600) for diarrhea, 73.00% (438/600) for bovine respiratory disease (BRD), and 3.83% (23/600) for umbilical inflammation (UI). The mortality rate was 2.33% (14/600) for all the animals studied. The morbidity differed in the groups, with higher rates of diarrhea (78.85%, 166/216) and UI (6.94%, 15/216) in G1, and the highest rate of BRD in G3 (79.59%, 156/196). Diarrhea was associated with the occurrence of BRD in G1 and G2. Even in farms with good management practices, there is high morbidity associated with diarrhea and BRD, with the morbidity rate for diarrhea decreasing and that for BRD increasing as the animals get older. In addition, diarrhea is an important risk factor for BRD, especially in younger animals.(AU)

O presente estudo objetivou investigar a morbidade e a mortalidade associadas às doenças mais comuns no período de criação de bezerras da raça Holandesa, em uma fazenda leiteira de alta produção. As bezerras (n = 600) foram alocadas em três grupos de acordo com a idade: G1 (1-7 dias, n = 216); G2 (30-40 dias, n = 188); G3 (69-85 dias, n = 196). Os animais foram avaliados durante 60 dias, em oito momentos diferentes. A morbidade foi de 47,67% (286/600) para diarreia, 73,00% (438/600) para doença respiratória bovina (DRB) e 3,83% (23/600) para inflamação umbilical (IU). A taxa de mortalidade foi de 2,33% (14/600), para o total de animais avaliados. A morbidade foi diferente entre os grupos, com maior frequência de diarreia (78,85%, 166/216) e IU (6,94%, 15/216) no G1, sendo a maior ocorrência de DRB no G3 (79,59%, 156/196). A diarreia foi associada à DRB no G1 e no G2. Mesmo em fazendas com boas práticas de manejo, há alta morbidade por diarreia e DRB, com a taxa de morbidade por diarreia diminuindo e a de DRB aumentando à medida que os animais envelhecem. Além disso, a diarreia é um importante fator de risco para DRB, especialmente em animais mais jovens.(AU)

Haptoglobin and its association with naturally occurring diseases in Holstein heifer calves / [Haptoglobina e sua associação com doenças ocorridas naturalmente em bezerras da raça Holandesa]

The present study evaluated the use of haptoglobin (Hp) as an indicator of health and performance in 166 Holstein heifer calves reared in an intensive production system. Calves were evaluated at D6-9; D10-13; D20-23; D35-38 and D65-68, corresponding to the days of life. The absence or presence of diseases was evaluated by physical examination and classification of scores. The performance parameters evaluated were body weight, height at withers and hind width. Hp was measured by spectrophotometric technique. The highest prevalence of diarrhea (59.4%; 98/165) was observed in D10-13, bovine respiratory disease (BRD) was on D35-38 (25.8%; 42/163), and umbilical inflammations in D6-D9 (7.8%; 13/166). Highest values of Hp were observed in animals with diarrhea (P=0.02), and umbilical inflammation (P=0.057), in comparison with the group of healthy calves. A significant negative correlation was observed between Hp and performance index. This protein presented an important relation with diarrhea and performance of the calves, opening perspectives on its utilization as a biomarker of diseases.(AU)

O presente estudo avaliou o uso da haptoglobina (Hp) como indicadora de sanidade e desempenho em 166 bezerras Holandesas criadas em um sistema de produção intensivo. As bezerras foram avaliadas nos momentos D6-9; D10-13; D20-23; D35-38 e D65-68, sendo estes correspondentes aos dias de vida. A ausência ou a presença de doenças foi avaliada por meio do exame físico e da classificação por escores. Os parâmetros de desempenho avaliados foram peso corporal, altura de cernelha e largura de garupa. A Hp foi mensurada por técnica espectrofotométrica. A maior prevalência de diarreia (59,4%; 98/165) foi observada em D10-13, doença respiratória bovina (DRB) ocorreu em D35-38 (25,8%; 42/163) e inflamações umbilicais em D6-D9 (7,8%; 13/166). O valor de Hp foi maior nos animais que apresentaram diarreia (P=0,02) e inflamações umbilicais (P=0,057), em comparação ao grupo de bezerras saudáveis. Houve correlação negativa significativa entre a Hp e os índices de desempenho. Essa proteína apresentou uma importante relação com a diarreia e com o desempenho das bezerras, abrindo perspectivas sobre a sua utilização como biomarcadora de doenças.(AU)

Dermatosis ampollar IgA lineal: serie de 17 casos / Linear IgA Bullous Dermatosis: A Series of 17 Cases

La dermatosis ampollar IgA lineal es una enfermedad vesicoampollar subepidérmica, adquirida, mediada por inmunoglobulinas. Presentamos nuestra serie con el objetivo de describir las características clínicas, evolución y tratamientos instaurados. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, observacional retrospectivo. Se incluyeron 17 pacientes. Como antecedentes 2 niños recibieron vacunas 2 semanas antes del inicio de los síntomas; en 2 casos la enfermedad estuvo precedida por cuadros respiratorios broncoobstructivos. Un paciente recibió antibioticoterapia endovenosa antes del inicio del cuadro. Hallamos asociación con hepatitis autoinmune en un caso y con alopecia areata en otro. Un niño padecía asociación VACTERL. El diagnóstico se confirmó con histopatología e inmunofluorescencia directa. Como tratamiento 16 pacientes recibieron dapsona, 8 de ellos asociaron corticoides orales y 2 esteroides tópicos. Destacamos la presencia de rebrotes con compromiso perioral ante cuadros infecciosos e inmunizaciones, la asociación con síndrome de VACTERL y con hepatitis autoinmune

Linear IgA bullous dermatosis is an acquired subepidermal immunoglobulin-mediated vesiculobullous disease. In this retrospective, observational, descriptive study, we describe the clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of 17 patients with linear IgA bullous dermatosis. Two children had been vaccinated 2 weeks before the onset of symptoms, 2 had had bronco-obstructive respiratory symptoms, and 1 had received intravenous antibiotic therapy. We also observed an association with autoimmune hepatitis in one patient and alopecia areata in another. One boy had VACTERL association. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology and direct immunofluorescence. Sixteen patients were treated with dapsone, which was combined with oral corticosteroids in 8 cases and topical corticosteroids in two. Of note in this series was the occurrence of relapses in the perioral area coinciding with infections and vaccination, and the association between linear IgA bullous dermatosis and autoimmune hepatitis and VACTERL association

Linear IgA Bullous Dermatosis: A Series of 17 Cases. / Dermatosis ampollar IgA lineal: serie de 17 casos.

Linear IgA bullous dermatosis is an acquired subepidermal immunoglobulin-mediated vesiculobullous disease. In this retrospective, observational, descriptive study, we describe the clinical characteristics, treatments, and outcomes of 17 patients with linear IgA bullous dermatosis. Two children had been vaccinated 2 weeks before the onset of symptoms, 2 had had bronco-obstructive respiratory symptoms, and 1 had received intravenous antibiotic therapy. We also observed an association with autoimmune hepatitis in one patient and alopecia areata in another. One boy had VACTERL association. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology and direct immunofluorescence. Sixteen patients were treated with dapsone, which was combined with oral corticosteroids in 8 cases and topical corticosteroids in two. Of note in this series was the occurrence of relapses in the perioral area coinciding with infections and vaccination, and the association between linear IgA bullous dermatosis and autoimmune hepatitis and VACTERL association.

Clinical impact of cycling the administration of antibiotics for febrile neutropenia in Japanese patients with hematological malignancy.

Despite the availability of newer classes of antibiotics, infection with multi-drug-resistant bacteria is a serious problem. To suppress the appearance of multi-drug-resistant bacteria and to avoid severe infection derived from febrile neutropenia (FN), we conducted cycling the administration of antibiotics for FN in patients with hematological malignancy. The treatment protocol consisted of the administration of four antibiotics each for 3 months in 1 year. The above regimen was repeated for 4 years. A total of 193 patients were registered in the protocol. The mean duration of the administration of cycling antibiotics was 5.9 days (range: 1-16 days). The frequency of FN before the study and during the study was unchanged until the third year, but decreased significantly in the fourth year. The frequency of detection of multi-drug-resistant bacteria in the first year was the same as that before the study was started, but dramatically decreased after the second year. Bacteriological treatment success rates were similar in each trimester and each year. The effective rate was not statistically different in each trimester and each year. We conclude that cycling the administration of antibiotics in patients with FN is useful for suppressing the appearance of multi-drug-resistant bacteria and for obtaining excellent clinical efficacy.

Role of SERCA2b in mobilization of nuclear Ca2+ in HeLa cells.

Ca2+ liberation from the endoplasmic reticulum activates sarco-endoplasmic reticulum ATPase (SERCA) to return Ca2+ to storage. We explored the role of SERCA in dynamic changes of intranuclear Ca2+ in single HeLa cells. Application of forskolin, as an activator of SERCA, caused the phosphorylation of SERCA2b but not SERCA3 on serine residues, which increased the rate of Ca2+ uptake. Forskolin also induced the changes of Ca2+ movement pattern in the nucleus when cells were stimulated with the Ca2+-releasing agents, histamine or A23187. Immunofluorescence staining showed that SERCA2b was densely populated on special parts of the nuclear envelope, but SERCA3 only existed in endoplasmic reticulum. Injection of an anti-SERCA2 antibody into the cytoplasm blocked the rise in the nuclear Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]n). However, injection of an anti-SERCA3 antibody did not affect the initiation of Ca2+ oscillations in the nucleus. Our data suggest that the activated-SERCA2b elevates the rate of uptake of free Ca2+ into stores along the nuclear envelope, which might support and maintain the nuclear Ca2+ homeostasis.

Estimation of the ejection fraction in patients with myocardial infarction obtained from the combined index of systolic and diastolic left ventricular function: a new method.

UNLABELLED: The index of myocardial performance combining systolic and diastolic time intervals (Index) is a useful method, already explained in past studies, that offers new values that have not been widely known among clinical cardiologists. The aim of this study is to obtain from this Index a measurement of the ejection fraction (EF), which is a very well-known value. The study involved 97 patients with myocardial infarction, 55 of whom were studied retrospectively (group A, aged 46-62 years, 50 men) to obtain and test the formula EF = 60 - (34 x Index). The second group (group B, aged 47-63 years, 40 men) included 42 patients who were evaluated prospectively. The EF obtained was compared with that reached through the use of radionuclide angiography (EF-RNA). The Index was obtained through the use of the formula (a - b)/b, where a is the interval between cessation and onset of the mitral inflow, and b is the ejection time. In group A the EF obtained by the Index (EF-Index) was 37.5% +/-.8%, and the EF-RNA was 37.7% +/- 11% (r = 0.76). In group B the EF-Index was 41.6% +/- 7%, and the EF-RNA was 41.2% +/- 10% (r = 0. 75). CONCLUSION: Through the new formula described here it is possible to obtain a reliable measurement of the EF in patients with myocardial infarction, a well-known and extremely useful value, especially for those patients with poor acoustic windows.

Hallazgos clínicos y valor de los análisis en el examen prequirúrgico / Clinical findings and value of laboratory tests in pre-surgical examination

En un trabajo prospectivo se evaluaron los hallazgos clínicos y la utilidad de los análisis previosa la cirugía realizados como medio de prevenir morbimortalidad perioperatoria. La muestra incluyó 192 pacientes vistos durante 45 días de consultorio. Se detectaron 31 niños con infección respiratoria, 10 con anemia, 7 con otras intercurrencias infecciosas, uno con eosinofilia grave (toxocariasis), uno con hipertensión arterial no controlada y otros 7 con diversas patologías. En 187 a los que se efectuaron exámenes de laboratorio, se observaron las siguientes alteraciones: anemia en 8/31 pacientes menores de 2 años y en 2 adolescentes mujeres. La presencia de anemia ferropénica en los grupos etarios susceptibles de presentarla fue significativa (p<0,005). En 3 niños se hallaron alteraciones de los glóbulos blancos, no sospechadas previamente. Ningún paciente presentó trastornos de las plaquetas o del coagulograma en forma persistente. A 189 niños se les realizó electrocardiograma. La sensibilidad del método fue de 44,4 por ciento y la especificidad del 98,3 por ciento para el diagnóstico de cardiopatía. La causa más frecuente de suspensión de la cirugía fue la infección respiratoria. Entre los menores de 2 años, la segunda causa fue la anemia. Se operaron 126 niños que tuvieron evolución favorable. Concluímos que la anamnesis cuidadosa y el examen físico minucioso son las evaluaciones más importantes. El dosaje de hemoglobina es el estudio de laboratorio más útil. Los demás estudios debieran realizarse de acuerdo con la historia del paciente y el examen clínico, ya que raramente se detectaron anormalidades en pacientes asintomáticos.